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The Magician (Tarot card)
The Magician, The Magus, or The Juggler (I) is the first trump or Major Arcana card in most traditional Tarot decks. It is used in game playing as well as in divination. In divination it is considered by some to succeed The Fool card, often numbered 0 (zero).
== Iconography ==
In French ''Le Bateleur'', "the mountebank" or the "sleight of hand artist", is a practitioner of stage magic. The Italian tradition calls him ''Il Bagatto'' or ''Il Bagatello''. The Mantegna Tarocchi image that would seem to correspond with the Magician is labeled ''Artixano'', the Artisan; he is the second lowest in the series, outranking only the Beggar. Visually the 18th-century woodcuts reflect earlier iconic representations, and can be compared to the free artistic renditions in the 15th-century hand-painted tarots made for the Visconti and Sforza families. In the painted cards attributed to Bonifacio Bembo, the Magician appears to be playing with cups and balls.〔Bill Butler, Dictionary of the Tarot. (Schocken, 1975; ISBN 0-8052-0559-4)〕
In esoteric decks, occultists, starting with Oswald Wirth, turned ''Le Bateleur'' from a mountebank into a magus. The curves of the magician's hat brim in the Marseilles image are similar to the esoteric deck's mathematical sign of infinity. Similarly, other symbols were added. The essentials are that the magician has set up a temporary table outdoors, to display items that represent the suits of the Minor Arcana: Cups, Coins, Swords (as knives). The fourth, the baton (Clubs) he holds in his hand. The baton later stands for a literal magician's "wand".〔Butler, supra.〕
The illustration of the Tarot card "The Magician" from the Rider-Waite tarot deck was developed by A. E. Waite for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn in 1910. Waite's magician features the infinity symbol over his head, and an ouroboros belt, both symbolizing eternity. The figure stands among a garden of flowers, to imply the manifestation and cultivation of desires.〔Gray, E. (1960). ''The Tarot Revealed: A Modern Guide to Reading the Tarot Cards''. New York, N.Y.: Bell Publishing Company.〕 Waite was a key figure in the development of modern Tarot interpretation, though not all interpretations follow his theology.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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